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Elaina Dancing
Author: ttriantafillou
Keywords: MVI 1857
Added: January 6, 2009
Am Loser 2009 - Herwig und das Zebra
Betrunkenes Zebra auf der Loserhütte ;-)
Author: melscouts
Keywords: MVI 1857
Added: January 6, 2009
golden gate
Author: NightRider750
Keywords: MVI 1857
Added: January 5, 2009
baat karni mujhey mushkil kabhi ... (photo edited, 4:3)
The Poet: The last Mughal Emperor of India, Abu Zafar Sirajuddin Muhammad Bahadur Shah Zafar (takhallus or pen-name: Zafar, short name: Bahadur Shah Zafar). He was born in 1775 and was crowned the Emperor of India in 1838. In the last attempt by Indians against the British for Independence in 1857, he was declared the Emperor of whole India by the freedom fighters to gain legitimacy and support, probably without his authorization. The Emperor, 82 years old, ultimately took refuge in Humayun (Babar's son, the second Mughal Emperor) 's tomb which was in the outskirts of Delhi at that time. He was forced to surrender and was captured by a Maj. Hodson. The British treated him true to their colonial nature. Most of his family members were murdered. At one stage when he asked for food as he was hungry, he was served 3 huge dishes. When he removed the lids he found severed heads of his two sons (Mirza Mughal and Khizar Sultan) and one grandson (Abu Bakr). It is said that he accepted his fate with dignity and grace, and told the British that he had expected that from them. He was ultimately exiled to Rangoon (now Yangon), Burma (now Myanmar). His last 4 years were spent in a tragic captivity, along with his wife, Begum Zeenat Mahal. He was kept under a 24-hour armed British guard. Details are sketchy, however a couple of people who visited him there have recorded some details. In 1862, after his death, he was buried in an unmarked grave. The British knew his importance as the last Emperor of India. Now that spot has been turned into a Muslim shrine (dargah). This picture was taken in Rangoon in May 1858. His Urdu poetry is known for its refine language and he writes about the fleeting nature of worldly joys and teaches humanity! He was no match for the House of Hanover!
See this verse: Zafar aadmi uss ko na jaaniye gaa, ho woh kitna hee saahib-e fehmo zakaa;
jissey eish main yaad-e Khuda na rahee, jissey taish main khauf-e Khuda na rahaa (Urdu).
(Tr: Zafar! do not consider him a man, no matter how intelligent and witty he might be; who in good times forgot God, and who, when in anger, did not remain afraid of God).
He once lamented: Kitna hai budnaseeb Zafar, dafn ke liye; do gaz zameen bhi na mili kuye yaar main (Urdu). (Tr: How unfortunate is Zafar, that for burial he could not get 2 yards of land near the beloved's abode).
His legacy: Fate was not kind to him. The Kingdom he inherited at 63 years of age had already disintegrated. He was ultimately forced by the Company Bahadur to be only a figurehead. But the people of India, especially of Delhi, treated him with respect. His service to Urdu language is tremendous. Four poets of highest caliber (Ghalib, Dagh, Zauq, and Momin), and many others, were paid from his court. He himself wrote numerous Urdu ghazals, most of them preserved in Kulliyaat-e Zafar. The inheritors of British India (India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh) consider him a national figure who led the revolt against the colonial masters. Important places are named after him. However, an empty grave in Delhi, where he had willed to be buried, still lies empty, waiting for his bones.
The Singer: Mehdi Hassan was born in Luna, Rajasthan, India in 1927. After partition of the Indian Sub-continent, he moved to Pakistan in 1947. He first sang on Radio Pakistan in 1952. He is called Shahinshah-i Ghazal (the King, or more appropriately the Emperor, of Ghazal). Shahinshah in Farsi means the King of Kings. He is presently (2008) incapacitated by a stroke. He has been awarded 3 of the highest civil awards (Hilal-i Imtiaz, Tamgha-i Imtiaz, and Pride of Performance Award) by the Government of Pakistan.
KhamoshTamashai
(information gathered mostly from Wikipedia.com )
Author: KhamoshTamashai
Keywords: bahadur shah zafar last mughal emperor india 1857 war of independence sepoy mutiny rangoon yangon burma myanmar urdu ghazal poetry mehdi hassan pakistan british colonialism east company
Added: January 4, 2009
010409 1857[00]
january 4 2009 d and mkay3
Author: sparklewhit
Keywords: 010409 1857[00]
Added: January 4, 2009
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More Information About 1857
Click here for Indian Rebellion of 1857
Year 1857 (MDCCCLVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).
Events of 1857
January - June
- January 1 - The biggest Estonian newspaper Postimees is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen.
- January 9 - An earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 7.9 strikes near Parkfield, California (see Fort Tejon earthquake).
- January 24 - The University of Calcutta is established in Kolkata as the first multidisciplinary modern university in South Asia.
- February 3 - The National Deaf Mute College (later renamed Gallaudet University) is established in Washington, DC, becoming the first school for the advanced education of the deaf.
- March 3 - France and the United Kingdom formally declare war on China in the Second Opium War.
- March 4 - James Buchanan succeeds Franklin Pierce as President of the United States.
- March 6 - Dred Scott v. Sanford: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that Blacks are not citizens and slaves can not sue for freedom, driving the country further towards the American Civil War (the ruling is not overturned until the 14th Amendment in 1868).
- March 21 - An earthquake in Tokyo, Japan kills over 100,000.
- March 23 - Elisha Otis' first elevator is installed (at 488 Broadway, New York City).
- April 18 - The Spirits' Book (Le Livre des Esprits in original French), one of the Five Fundamental Works of Spiritism, is published by French educator Allan Kardec.
- May 10 - Indian rebellion of 1857: The 3rd Light Cavalry of the British East India Company's army rebels against its British officers, thus beginning the rebellion.
- May 11 - Indian rebellion of 1857: Indian combatants capture Delhi from the East India Company.
- June 6 - Sophia of Nassau marries the future King Oscar II of Sweden-Norway.
July - December
- July 15 - Indian rebellion of 1857: The second massacre at Kanpur takes place.
- July 18 - The Utah Expedition leaves Fort Leavenworth, effectively beginning the Utah War.
- September 11 - Mountain Meadows massacre in Utah.
- September 12 - The S.S. Central America sinks off the coast of North Carolina, killing 425 people.
- October 13 - New York banks close following a major financial panic and do not reopen until December 12.
- October 24 - Sheffield F.C., the world's first association football team, is founded in Sheffield, England.
- November 30 - President of Mexico Ignacio Comonfort is succeeded by Félix María Zuloaga.
- December 16 - An earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 6.9 kills 11,000 people in Naples, Italy.
- December 20 - Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria issues a decree, Es ist Mein Wille, which leads to the demolition of the city walls of Vienna, allowing the construction of the Ringstraße.
- December 31 - Queen Victoria chooses Ottawa, Ontario as the capital of Canada.
Undated
Ongoing events
Births
January - June
- January 4 - Émile Courtet, French caricaturist and animator (d. 1938)
- January 11 - William Gentles, US army private, known for killing Crazy Horse (d. 1932)
- January 26 - the 12th Dalai Lama (d. 1875)
- January 31 - George Jackson Churchward, GWR Chief mechanical engineer (d. 1933)
- February 13 - Almanzo James Wilder, husband of author Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. October 23, 1949)
- February 22
- March 7 - Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Austrian neuroscientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1940)
- March 8 - Ruggiero Leoncavallo, Italian composer (d. 1919)
- March 27 - Karl Pearson, statistician (d. 1936)
- March 30 - Leon Charles Thevenin, French telegraph engineer (d. 1926)
- April 5 - Alexander of Battenberg, first Prince of Bulgaria (d. 1893)
- May 7 - William A. MacCorkle, Governor of West Virginia (d. 1930)
- May 13 - Ronald Ross, English physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1932)
- May 15 - Williamina Fleming, Scottish astronomer (d. 1911)
- May 19 - John Jacob Abel, American pharmacologist (d. 1938)
- May 31 - Pope Pius XI (d. 1939)
- June 2
July - December
- July 11- Alfred Binet, French Psychologist (Stanford-Binet IQ test) (d. 1911)
- July 22 - Shams-ul-haq Azeemabadi, Islamic scholar (d. 1911)
- July 23 - Carl Meinhof, German linguist (d. 1944)
- July 24 - Henrik Pontoppidan, Danish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1943)
- July 28 - Ballington Booth, Salvation Army Officer and co-founder of Volunteers of America (d. 1940)
- July 30
- August 14 - Max Wagenknecht, German composer (d. 1922)
- September 5 - Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Russian scientist and inventor (d. 1935)
- September 8 - Georg Michaelis, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1936)
- September 13
- September 15 - William Howard Taft, 27th President of the United States (d. 1930)
- October 5 - Peadar Mac Fhionnlaoich, Irish language writer (d. 1942)
- October 24 - Ned Williamson, American baseball player (d. 1894)
- November 5
- November 17 - George Marchant, English-born inventor, manufacturer, and philanthropist (d. 1941)
- November 26 - Ferdinand de Saussure, Swiss linguist (d. 1913)
- November 27 - Charles Scott Sherrington, English physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1952)
- November 28 - King Alfonso XII of Spain (d. 1885)
- December 3 - Joseph Conrad, Polish-British novelist (d. 1924)
- date unknown
Deaths
- February 10 - David Thompson, British-Canadian explorer (b. 1770)
- February 15 - Mikhail Glinka, Russian composer (b. 1804)
- February 16 - Elisha Kent Kane, American explorer of the Arctic regions (b. 1820)
- March 11 - Manuel José Quintana, poet (b. 1772)
- March 26 - Thomas Peters, Dutch supercentenarian (b. 1745)
- May 2 - Alfred de Musset, French poet (b. 1810)
- May 11 - Eugène François Vidocq, French criminal and private detective (b. 1775)
- May 13 - Parley P. Pratt, early Mormon church leader (murdered) (b. 1807)
- May 23 - Augustin Louis Cauchy, French mathematician (b. 1789)
- June 30 - Alcide d'Orbigny, naturalist (b. 1802)
- July 4 - Henry Montgomery Lawrence, soldier and statesman (b. 1806)
- July 15 - Carl Czerny, Austrian composer (b. 1791)
- July 19 - Stefano Franscini, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1796)
- July 29 - Charles Lucien Bonaparte, French naturalist and ornithologist (b. 1803)
- August 3 - Eugène Sue, French novelist (b. 1804)
- September 3 - John McLoughlin, Canadian trapper (b. 1784)
- September 5 - Auguste Comte, French philosopher (b. 1798)
- November 12 - Maximilian Spinola, entomologist (b. 1780)
- November 26 - Joseph von Eichendorff, German poet (b. 1788)
- December 3 - Christian Daniel Rauch, German sculptor (b. 1777)
- December 15 - Sir George Cayley, English aviation pioneer (b. 1773)
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